Web Survey Bibliography
Rating scales are used extensively in surveys. One design feature of a rating scale that remains understudied is its direction. A rating scale can run from zero to 10, or from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree.” It can also run from 10 to zero, or “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree.” For rating scales with the same number of scale points, the same numerical and verbal labels, the key research question is whether varying the direction of the scale would affect survey responses, and if yes, in what way. Drawing on data from an experiment that varies the direction of an 11-point end-labeled unipolar scale, we find that the direction of the rating scale significantly affects respondents’ ratings of countries that received high ratings. Specifically, ratings for those countries are higher when the scale starts with a high number than when the scale begins with a low number. We also find evidence indicating that the scale-direction effects are due to respondents’ use of anchoring-and-adjustment heuristics instead of satisficing. Implications of these results are discussed.
Web survey bibliography - Yan, T. (13)
- The Impact of Response Scale Direction on Survey Responses in a Mixed-mode Survey ; 2016; Hu, M.; Yan, T.; Keusch, F.
- The Impact of Scale Direction, Alignment and Length on Responses to Rating Scale Questions in a Web...; 2016; Keusch, F.; Liu, M.; Yan, T.
- Impact of response scale direction on survey responses in web and mobile web surveys; 2015; Yan, T.; Keusch, F.
- The Effects of the Direction of Rating Scales on Survey Responses in a Telephone Survey; 2015; Keusch, F., Yan, T.
- Analyzing Paradata to Investigate Measurement Error; 2013; Yan, T., Olson, K.
- Should I Stay or Should I go: The Effects of Progress Feedback, Promised Task Duration, and Length of...; 2011; Yan, T., Conrad, F. G., Tourangeau, R., Couper, M. P.
- Nonresponse Error, Measurement Error, And Mode Of Data Collection: Tradeoffs in a Multi-mode Survey...; 2011; Sakshaug, J. W., Yan, T., Tourangeau, R.
- Experiments Exploring the Relationship (or Lack Thereof) Between Nonresponse Error and Measurement Error...; 2008; Tourangeau, R., Groves, R. M., Presser, S., Toppe, C., Kennedy, K., Yan, T.,
- Fast times and easy questions: the effects of age, experience and question complexity on web survey...; 2008; Yan, T., Tourangeau, R.
- Sensitive questions in surveys; 2007; Tourangeau, R., Yan, T.
- How successful I am depends on what number I get: The effects of numerical scale labels and need for...; 2006; Yan, T.
- Gricean effects in self-administered survey. Ph.D. Dissertation; 2005; Yan, T.
- An Experimental Comparison Of Web And Telephone Surveys; 2005; Fricker, S., Galesic, M., Tourangeau, R., Yan, T.